人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)是指(zhi)用(yong)于人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員進出(chu)設(she)(she)(she)備以便安(an)裝、檢修和(he)安(an)全(quan)檢查(cha)(cha)的開孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)結構。主要由短筒(tong)節(jie)（或短管）、法(fa)蘭和(he)帶(dai)把(ba)手的人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)蓋(gai)(gai)組成(cheng)。從安(an)全(quan)檢查(cha)(cha)考慮，壓(ya)力容器要求開設(she)(she)(she)的人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)數及其小尺寸見“檢查(cha)(cha)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)”。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)材料有碳鋼(gang)和(he)不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)。按(an)(an)受(shou)壓(ya)情況人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)分為常壓(ya)和(he)受(shou)壓(ya)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)；按(an)(an)形狀人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)分為圓形、橢圓形和(he)矩形人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)，矩形人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)僅適用(yong)于常壓(ya)設(she)(she)(she)備；按(an)(an)安(an)裝位置(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)分為水平和(he)垂直安(an)裝人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)；人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)蓋(gai)(gai)固定方(fang)式有迥轉蓋(gai)(gai)和(he)吊蓋(gai)(gai)；人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)開后速度有普通式和(he)快開式，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)結構和(he)尺寸一般都(dou)已(yi)標準化，可參照(zhao)有關(guan)手冊選用(yong)或設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)。