人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)是指用于(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)進出設備以便安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)、檢修和(he)安(an)全檢查(cha)(cha)的(de)開孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)結(jie)構。主要(yao)由(you)短筒節（或(huo)短管）、法蘭和(he)帶把手的(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)蓋(gai)(gai)組(zu)成。從安(an)全檢查(cha)(cha)考慮，壓(ya)力容器要(yao)求(qiu)開設的(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)數及其(qi)小尺(chi)寸見“檢查(cha)(cha)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)”。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)材料有(you)碳鋼和(he)不銹鋼。按(an)受壓(ya)情(qing)況人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)分(fen)為(wei)常壓(ya)和(he)受壓(ya)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)；按(an)形(xing)狀人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)分(fen)為(wei)圓(yuan)形(xing)、橢圓(yuan)形(xing)和(he)矩形(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)，矩形(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)僅適用于(yu)常壓(ya)設備；按(an)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)位置人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)分(fen)為(wei)水平和(he)垂直(zhi)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)；人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)蓋(gai)(gai)固定(ding)方式(shi)有(you)迥轉(zhuan)蓋(gai)(gai)和(he)吊蓋(gai)(gai)；人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)開后速度有(you)普通式(shi)和(he)快開式(shi)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)結(jie)構和(he)尺(chi)寸一般都已標準化(hua)，可參照有(you)關手冊選用或(huo)設計。